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汉语拼音：jì rán

用在上半句话里，下半句话里往往用副词“就、也、还”跟它呼应，表示先提出前提，而后加以推论：～知道做错了，就应当赶快纠正。你～一定要去，我也不便阻拦。

1. 本来如此；已经如此。

   《汉书·赵充国传》：“失之毫釐，差以千里，是既然矣。” 金 王若虚 《复之纯交说》：“今胡其齕汝趾而嚙汝喉出於外者，亦既然矣，伏於中者，竟如何哉。”

2. 连词。用在上半句话里，表示先提出前提，而后加以推论。

   《水浒传》第二回：“既然令郎肯学时，小人一力奉教。” 清 李渔 《奈何天·密筹》：“恩主既然信用，卑职怎敢推辞？” 徐迟 《哥德巴赫猜想·祁连山下》：“既然如此，当初何必要派遣他，西出 嘉峪关 ，万里迢迢的，去寻找石油呢？”

• This was a good decision inasmuch as it worked for you.

  既然对你起作用，这就是个明智的决定。

• Since she'd offered to babysit, I took her up on it.

  她既然主动提出帮助照看孩子，我也就同意了。

• Banning cigarette advertising would be unconstitutional, since selling cigarettes is legal.

  既然出售香烟是合法的，那么禁止做香烟广告就是违宪的。

• Convictions will rise steeply now photographic evidence is admissible.

  既然照片证据可以接受，有罪判决将大幅增加。

• Nothing I do makes any difference anyway, so why bother?

  既然我做什么都于事无补，我为什么还要费劲呢？

• Now you're settled, why don't you take up some serious study?

  既然你已经安顿下来了，为什么不开始正经地学点东西呢？

• We are in the same boat; we must help each other.

  我们既然同舟, 就要共济.

• Since you are so sure of it he'll believe you.

  既然你对此这么有把握,他会相信你的.

• Since there is no butter left, we had to go without.

  既然奶油没了, 我们只得将就一下.

• Since none of the four is dispensable, they are equally important.

  实际上,这四种力量既然是缺一不可的, 所以是同等重要的.

• Since you have a previous engagement, why didn't you say so?

  既然有事, 何不早说?

• Since that's impossible, what are you going to do?

  既然这样不行那么你打算怎么办 呢 ?

• Since you have started the job , you might as well finish it.

  既然你开了头, 爽性把它做完吧.

• If you make a promise, you should carry it out.

  既然许愿就要还愿.

• All right, don't force him to do It'since he won't.

  也罢, 既然他不愿做,就不要勉强他.