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汉语拼音：qián kē

指曾经被判处过刑罚的事实。有前科的人，如果后来又犯罪，符合法定条件构成累犯的，须从重处罚。

1. 以前所处的刑罚；以前的罪行。

   《三国志·魏志·高柔传》：“正如前科，固已絶其意望，而猥復重之。”《人民文学》1979年第6期：“他想单从翻船、死人这个事故本身来看，就够 夏田 受的了，更何况他还有 李荣 加给的那么多前科。”《花城》1981年增刊第3期：“据说 瘦猴 有过调戏妇女的前科。”

2. 行科举时称上一次考试。

   《宋史·赵崇宪传》：“此 汝愚 子，岂即前科取应第一人者耶？”《初刻拍案惊奇》卷十六：“小生是前科举人，来此会试。”《红楼梦》第二回：“这 林如海 姓 林 名 海 ，表字 如海 ，乃是前科的探花。”

• The man was known to the police because of previous convictions.

  因为有犯罪前科，警察们都认识这个人。

• At 17, he had a criminal record for petty theft.

  他17岁就有了小偷小摸的犯罪前科。

• Donaldson was a petty crook with a string of previous offences.

  唐纳森有一系列小的犯罪前科，但没犯过大事。

• He had a shifty face and previous convictions.

  他看起来贼眉鼠眼，而且有犯罪前科。

• She has six previous convictions for theft.

  她有六次盗窃前科。

• His criminal records do not dispose me to trust him.

  他的前科迫使我无法信任他.

• The court took into account his former delinquencies.

  法庭考虑了他的前科.

• Although he subsequently became a successful businessman, his criminal past caught up with him.

  尽管后来他成了事业有成的生意人，以前的犯罪前科终究让他尝到了苦果。

• The police are suspicious of his alibi because he already has a record.

  警方对他不在场的辩解表示怀疑,因为他已有前科.

• His criminal record weighed heavily against him ( with the jury ).

  ( 陪审团 ) 认为他的前科关系重大.

• Your criminal record could count against you in finding a job.

  你有前科对你找工作很不利.

• His criminal record does not dispose me to trust him.

  他有前科,我不能轻易相信他.

• Can Citizens with Criminal Record to be Civil Servants?

  有前科的公民能否成为公务员?

• He removed some personal items from his locker, but some remained.

  在困境面前科比抛弃了一些个人因素, 也保留了一些个人因素.

• Her criminal record disqualifies her from serving on a jury.

  她有犯罪前科,所以不能当陪审员.