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汉语拼音：huò luàn

1.急性肠道传染病，病原体是霍乱弧菌。症状是腹泻，呕吐，大便很稀，像米泔水，四肢痉挛冰冷，休克。患者因脱水而眼窝凹陷，手指、脚趾干瘪。

2.中医泛指有剧烈吐泻、腹痛等症状的胃肠疾患。

1. 病名。中医泛指具有剧烈吐泻，腹痛等症状的肠胃疾病。

   《素问·六元正纪大论》：“太阴所至，为中满，霍乱吐下。”《汉书·严助传》：“夏月暑时，欧泄霍乱之病相随属也。”

2. 病名。急性肠道传染病。病原体是霍乱弧菌。症状是腹泻、呕吐，呕出物和粪便像米泔水，四肢痉挛冰冷，并休克。患者因脱水而眼窝凹陷，手指、脚趾干瘪。中医叫瘪螺痧。

   巴金 《寒夜》二八：“对面裁缝店里死了人，害霍乱，昨天还是好好的，才一天的功夫就死了。” 老舍 《四世同堂》三七：“他们不惜屠了全村，假若那里发现了霍乱或猩红热。”

• While transmission seems to be declining in Yei town, the outbreak in Juba town is expected to increase in the coming days.

  在耶伊城的传播似乎逐渐减弱，但预期今后一些天在朱巴城将暴发霍乱。

• The current wave of cholera outbreaks which had begun several weeks ago in West Africa is still ongoing ( see map below).

  几周前在西非开始的本波霍乱暴发仍在继续（见下面的地图）。

• Unlike other diarrheal diseases, it is often deadly in both children and adults.

  与其他腹泻疾病不同，霍乱在儿童和成人群体中都能造成死亡。

• "Haiti's outbreak is arguably much more explosive than the epidemic case of Zimbabwe modelled in the paper, " he said.

  他说：“可以说海地的暴发比在该论文中建模的津巴布韦霍乱暴发远远更具爆炸性。”

• A cholera coordination committee should be in place in countries where cholera outbreaks are recurrent.

  在反复发生霍乱暴发的国家应建立霍乱协调委员会。

• Estimates are that the disease kills at least one hundred thousand people a year.

  据估计每年至少有10万人死于霍乱。

• During World War II, the refinery continued to feed the Allied war machine despite food shortages and a cholera epidemic among workers.

  第二次世界大战期间，即使工人食品短缺，霍乱施虐，炼油厂也一直源源不断地给盟军的战争机器提供汽油。

• The current response to cholera outbreaks tends to be reactive, in the form of an emergency response.

  目前对霍乱暴发的应对往往是反应性的，形式是紧急应对。

• But, she said, it has decided to broaden its response to prevent more people from becoming infected.

  不过她说，红十字会决定扩大应对霍乱的措施，防止更多的人染病。