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汉语拼音：tōng huò jǐn suō

减少货币流通量以缓和通货膨胀的措施。是国家干预经济或宏观调控的手段之一。其主要措施是提高贴现率，紧缩信贷，出售国家证券，冻结物价和工资，削减投资等。往往导致失业增加、职工收入下降和经济衰退。

1. 指缩减流通中的纸币数量以提高货币的购买力。第一次世界大战后，各资本主义国家为了减少战时及战后通货膨胀时期所发行的纸币，曾采用通货紧缩政策。

• and justifiable criticism of the Bank of Japan for not doing enough to end deflation.

  二是直面日本银行在解决通货紧缩的问题上因力度不够遭受的正面批评。

• In the last couple of years, when deflation was perceived by many to be a greater threat than inflation, the index was of little value.

  在过去两年中，当通货紧缩比通货膨胀更为许多人所感受到时，这一指数基本上没有了用武之地。

• But for now, he said, 'the deflation that some had feared is just not happening. '

  但他补充称，就现在而言，一些人此前担心的通货紧缩不会发生。

• The market subject tends to hold forward expectations in time of deflation but backward expectations in time of inflation.

  市场主体在通货紧缩时期的预期方式是前瞻性预期强于后向预期，通货膨胀时期预期以后向为主。

• Meanwhile, 'if oil spikes above $100, I expect a severe deflationary impact on the U. S. economy and world economy, ' he said.

  他说，与此同时，若石油突破100美元，我预计美国经济和世界经济将会遭受严重的通货紧缩冲击。

• When all the member countries try to be like Germany they are bound to send the eurozone into a deflationary spiral.

  当欧元区所有成员国试图效法德国之时，他们注定把欧元区带入通货紧缩式螺旋上升。

• Or should we commit the "essentialist" sin of trying to define deflation out of existence?

  还是我们应该去犯下“本质主义者”的罪，将通货紧缩定义为不存在的东西？

• Then, as he does now, Krugman emphasized the dangers of a Japanese-style deflation, as well as the slow progress in bringing back jobs.

  那么，如他所说，克鲁格曼强调日本式通货紧缩的危险，以及提升工作机会的缓慢过程。

• Mr. Jones urges the BOJ to keep its policy rate close to zero and 'focus on trying to stop deflation. '

  他督促日本央行将政策利率维持在接近零的水平，集中精力努力遏制通货紧缩。