难检字字典在线查询

汉语拼音：xìng shì

表明家族的字。姓和氏本有分别，姓起于女系，氏起于男系。后来说姓氏，专指姓。

1. 姓和氏。姓、氏本有分别，姓起于女系，氏起于男系。

   秦 汉 以后，姓、氏不合一，通称姓，或兼称姓氏。《通志·氏族略序》：“三代之前，姓氏分而为二，男子称氏，妇人称姓……三代之后，姓氏合而为一。” 宋 洪迈 《容斋三笔·汉人希姓》：“两《汉书》所载人姓氏，有后世不著见者甚多，漫纪于此，以助氏族书之遗脱。” 清 顾炎武 《日知录·氏族》：“姓氏之称，自 太史公 始混而为一。”

2. 指姓名。

   魏巍 《东方》第四部第十七章：“ 调皮骡子 砍了几个木橛，刮了一刮，用歪歪斜斜的字迹记下了他们的姓氏，插在他们的墓前。”

• Awkward though it may be for the independent-minded, women can at least achieve alphabetic advancement by marrying "up" .

  虽然独身主义者觉得尴尬，但是女性至少可以嫁入“姓氏豪门”，取得音序优势。

• Japan is the only one of the Group of Eight industrialized nations that requires married couples to have the same family name.

  日本是八国集团中唯一立法要求已婚夫妇使用同一家庭姓氏的国家。

• He was a southerner and older than we were by enough years to understand why the name issue mattered.

  他是个南方人，比我们年长一截，足以晓得为什么姓氏问题这么重要。

• To the Qin Dynasty, surname tends to unity, men's replaced the woman's surname, collectively referred to as last name, or the Yue surname.

  到了秦朝，姓氏趋向合一，男性的氏取代了女子的姓，统称为姓，或曰姓氏。

• Christopher, a 39-year-old who asked not to be identified by his last name, told me that he is part of a local group with similar ideas.

  39岁，为了身份不被暴露没有告诉我他的姓氏，他告诉我他也是有类似想法的组织的一员。

• "Webster, " he said, staring at her strangely, as if not sure what to make of someone who didn't know the name of her own landlord.

  “韦伯斯特，”他一边说一边奇怪地盯着她，似乎不知道该怎么理解一个连自己房东的姓氏都不知道的人。

• Heavy is a nickname, part of his last name, a fact he surrendered after more than a year of daily visits from workers.

  Heavy只是个绰号，源于他姓氏的一部分。这个细节也是工人们一年多持续拜访使他投降的结果。

• He gave only his surname, Sheng, because he said some of those involved had received threatening phone calls urging them to stop protesting.

  他只给出了他的姓氏盛，因为一些参与者已经受到威胁电话让他们不要抗议。

• The brothers said they were trying to break into the business and had a right to use their family name.

  兄弟俩说，他们正在努力闯进这个行业，并且有权使用自己的姓氏。